| Compound Name |
Beta hexachlorocyclohexane |
| Stockholm Annex code | I, IV |
| Key |
Annex I to the regulation are subject to prohibition (with specific exemptions) on manufacturing, placing on the market and use; Annex II to the regulation are subject to restriction on manufacturing, placing on the market and use; Annex III to the regulation are subject to release reduction provisions; and Annex IV to the regulation are subject to waste management provisions. Note that for some substances listed in Annex I, specific exemptions on the prohibition of their use, manufacturing and placing on the market may apply. |
| Classification |
Unintentional - by-product of insecticide Lindane production |
| Category |
A - (Elimination) |
| Year of Listing Decision |
2009 |
| Persistence |
7 years |
| Specific exemptions associated with its use |
Production: None |
| Acceptable purposes associated with its use |
Use: None |
| Conventions on POPs |
Stockholm Convention Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Rotterdam Convention Basel Convention |
| Name |
Beta hexachlorocyclohexane |
| Synonyms |
(1beta,2beta,3beta,4beta,5beta,6beta)-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane beta hexachlorocyclohexane beta-Lindane beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane beta-HCH Beta-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane beta-Benzene hexachloride beta-Hexachlorobenzene beta-BHC |
| Structure | Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl.png)
Molecular Formula:
C6H6Cl6
|
| CAS Number | 319-85-7 |
| European Community (EC) Number | 206-271-3 |
| European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) | 206-271-3 |
| PubChem ID | 727 |
| DSSTOX Substance ID | DTXSID7020685 |
| KEGG | C06988 |
| ChemSpider |
10468512 |
| Similarity threshold | Name of Related Compound | DSSTox Substance ID | CAS Number | Molecular weight | Molecular formula |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | 1,2,3,5-Tetrachlorocyclohexane | DTXSID80657935 | 95115-16-5 | 221 g/mol | C6H8Cl4 |
| 1.0 | Cyclohexane, 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro- | DTXSID10875660 | 60067-92-7 | 221 g/mol | C6H8Cl4 |
| 1.0 | 1-PENTACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE | DTXSID00875654 | 22138-39-2 | 256 g/mol | C6H7Cl5 |
| 1.0 | alpha-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane | DTXSID2020684 | 319-84-6 | 290 g/mol | C6H6Cl6 |
| 1.0 | Lindane | DTXSID2020686 | 58-89-9 | 290 g/mol | C6H6Cl6 |
| 1.0 | 1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane | DTXSID7020687 | 608-73-1 | 290 g/mol | C6H6Cl6 |
| 1.0 | delta-Hexachlorocyclohexane | DTXSID5024134 | 319-86-8 | 290 g/mol | C6H6Cl6 |
| 1.0 | epsilon-Hexachlorocyclohexane | DTXSID0024135 | 6108 10-7 | 290 g/mol | C6H6Cl6 |
| 0.94 | trans-1,2-Dichlorocyclohexane | DTXSID7022126 | 822-86-6 | 153 g/mol | C6H10Cl2 |
| 0.94 | 1,2,3-Trichlorooctane | DTXSID801005756 | 85269-46-1 | 217 g/mol | C8H15Cl3 |
| N/A | Full List of similar compounds | N/A | N/A | N/A g/mol | N/A |
| Description | Reference | Article Link |
|---|---|---|
| Lindane (gamma-HCH), the production of which results in a mixture of HCH isomers, is a now-banned insecticide that can exist in very high concentrations in soil (up to 125 ppt). Certain isomers of HCH, notably the beta, are more persistent than others, which is attributed to the physical location of the chlorine molecule. While bioaugmentation with the degrading strains is a feasible solution for HCH contamination, it has yet to be tested in the field. Lack of inoculum survival and high pollutant concentrations inhibit successful bioaugmentation, although the former has been remedied with repeated inoculations. Since autochthonous HCH degraders might be widely available, biostimulation might be a more appropriate treatment. However, at high pollutant concentrations, bioaugmentation may provide an advantage. | Lyon and Vogel. 2011. Environmental Biotechnology and Safety | Link |
| HCH isomers, particularly alpha and gamma have been detected widely in air, soil, water, and sediment as a result of historic production and use. The environmental levels of these isomers has declined in recent years because use of HCH as pesticide applications were increasingly restricted or eliminated. HCH isomers are lipophilic, hence they can accumulate in the fatty tissues of animals. Dermal exposure, inhalation and ingestion are some of the ways via which HCH isomers are assimilated into the body and accumulate mainly in fatty tissues. The beta isomer accumulates in fatty tissues and is metabolized more slowly, resulting in a half-life of about seven years. HCH isomers are metabolized to chlorophenol metabolites that are excreted in the urine (Angerer et al., 1983). It has also been discovered that HCH can crosses the placenta and also has been found in breast milk (Radomski et al., 1971; Rogan, 1996; Saxena et al., 1981). Beta-HCH is usually detected in a higher percentage of the general population than the other HCH isomers because of its longer half-life. Since the 1970s the concentration levels of beta-HCH have been in decline (ATSDR, 2005; Kutz et al., 1991; Link et al., 2005; Radomski et al., 1971; Stehr-Green, 1989; Sturgeon et al., 1998). | CDC biomonitoring of Beta Hexachlorocyclohexane Accessed on 05 October 2020 | Link |