| Compound Name |
Chlordane |
| Stockholm Annex code | I, IV |
| Key |
Annex I to the regulation are subject to prohibition (with specific exemptions) on manufacturing, placing on the market and use; Annex II to the regulation are subject to restriction on manufacturing, placing on the market and use; Annex III to the regulation are subject to release reduction provisions; and Annex IV to the regulation are subject to waste management provisions. Note that for some substances listed in Annex I, specific exemptions on the prohibition of their use, manufacturing and placing on the market may apply. |
| Classification |
Intentional |
| Category |
Listed under Annex A |
| Year of Listing Decision |
2001 |
| Persistence |
The estimated half-life for chlordane in the soil on average is 350 days, however it can range from 37 days to 3500 days. 30 years in soil |
| Specific exemptions associated with its use |
Production: None |
| Acceptable purposes associated with its use |
Was used as a pesticide for a number of crops It was also used a pesticide for termite control |
| Conventions on POPs |
Stockholm Convention Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Rotterdam Convention Basel Convention |
| Name |
Chlordane |
| Synonyms |
Chlordan Chlorindan Technical chlordane 4,7-Methano-1H-indene, 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-octachloro-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro- 4,7-Methanoindan, 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-octachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro- 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-Octachloro-4,7-methano-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydroindane Octachloro-4,7-methanotetrahydroindane Tat Chlor 4 Octachlordane Chlorotox Dichlorochlordene trans-Chlordane Chlorotox 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-Octachloro-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-4,7-methanoindene 1,2,4,5,6,7,10,10-Octachloro-4,7,8,9-tetrahydro-4,7-endomethyleneindane M 140 ENT 9932 |
| Structure | C1(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C2(Cl)C1(Cl)Cl.png)
Molecular Formula:
C10H6Cl8
|
| CAS Number | 57-74-9 |
| European Community (EC) Number | 200-349-0 |
| European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) | 200-349-0 |
| PubChem ID | 5993 |
| DSSTOX Substance ID | DTXSID7020267 |
| KEGG | C14176 |
| ChemSpider |
5772 |
| Similarity threshold | Name of Related Compound | DSSTox Substance ID | CAS Number | Molecular weight | Molecular formula |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | 1,2,3,4,7,7-Hexachlorobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene | DTXSID50944642 | 22039-38-9 | 300 g/mol | C7H4Cl6 |
| 1.0 | 1,2,3,4,5,7,7-Heptachlorobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene | DTXSID10947270 | 2440-02-0 | 335 g/mol | C7H3Cl7 |
| 1.0 | Chlordene | DTXSID2027545 | 3734-48-3 | 338 g/mol | C10H6Cl6 |
| 1.0 | 4,5,6,7,8,8-Hexachloro-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-4,7-methanoindene | DTXSID70971011 | 5566-33-6 | 340 g/mol | C10H8Cl6 |
| 1.0 | Aldrin | DTXSID8020040 | 309-00-2 | 364 g/mol | C12H8Cl6 |
| 1.0 | Isodrin | DTXSID7042065 | 465-73-6 | 364 g/mol | C12H8Cl6 |
| 1.0 | Aldrin parent | DTXSID3048104 | 124-96-9 | 364 g/mol | C12H8Cl6 |
| 1.0 | 1,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro-1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydro-1,4:5,8-dimethanonaphthalene | DTXSID10947432 | 24562-14-9 | 364 g/mol | C12H8Cl6 |
| 1.0 | Heptachlor | DTXSID3020679 | 76-44-8 | 373 g/mol | C10H5Cl7 |
| 1.0 | 2,4,5,6,7,8,8-Heptachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-4,7-methanoindene | DTXSID10947730 | 24816-27-1 | 373 g/mol | C10H5Cl7 |
| 1.0 | 3a,4,5,6,7,8,8-Heptachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-4,7-methanoindene | DTXSID60975740 | 6033-56-3 | 373 g/mol | C10H5Cl7 |
| 1.0 | Dilor | DTXSID4057974 | 14168-01-5 | 375 g/mol | C10H7Cl7 |
| 1.0 | 1,4,5,6,7,8,8-Heptachloro-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-4,7-methanoindene | DTXSID60948792 | 2589-15-3 | 375 g/mol | C10H7Cl7 |
| N/A | FULL LIST of Related products | N/A | N/A | N/A g/mol | N/A |
| Description | Reference | Article Link |
|---|---|---|
| Chlordane is a chlorinated cyclodiene manufactured for use as an insecticide. Technical chlordane is a mixture of cisand trans-chlordane, lesser amounts of heptachlor, nonachlor and chlordenes, and other related compounds. Chlordane represents the oldest generation of the chloride channel blocker insecticides with marked mammalian toxicity. | Koshlukova and Reed., 2014. Chlordane | Link |
| Clordane was commercially introduced as an insecticide in 1947. Technical chlordane is a mixture, which consists of at least 147 compounds and the composition varies with the manufacturing process. It contained cis- and trans-chlordane (43%–75%) and lower levels of heptachlor, cis- and trans-nonachlor, and chlordenes. A more refined formulation containing >95% of cis- and trans-chlordane was produced since 1970. Chlordane is a broad-spectrum contact insecticide that has been used on agricultural crops, including vegetables, small grains, maize, other oilseeds, potatoes, sugarcane, sugar beets, fruits, nuts, cotton, and jute. It has also been used extensively in the control of termites. It was banned in the EU in 1981 and now in most other countries worldwide. Persistency increases with the number of chlorine atoms, and chlordane compounds are bioaccumulated and biomagnified along the food chain. | Berntssen et al., 2012. Contamination of finfish with persistent organic pollutants and metals | Link |
| Chlordane was a common pesticide which was used for several decades on crops, orchards and gardens until its use was restricted in the early 1980s to controlling termites, after which the substance was banned in the late 1980s. Despite this, the chemical is highly persistent and has a half-life of up to 30years. Consequently, chlordane still contaminates aquatic environments several decades later and due to the hydrophobic (water repelling) nature of the compound, it readily adheres to hydrophobic surfaces, such as plastics. Furthermore, chlordane tends to bioaccumulate in many organisms and is highly toxic to many species of fish and is classified as a probable human carcinogen | Crawford and Quinn. 2017. 6 - The interactions of microplastics and chemical pollutants. | Link |
| Chlordane is a pesticide that has been obtained from the synthesis of heptachlor, chlordane, and nonachlor. It has low vapor pressure and volatilizes leisurely into the atmosphere. It is used broadly to control termites and insect repellent on a wide range of agricultural crops. It has remained in the soil for so many years with half-lives of 1 year. The lethal effects of chlordane on fish and birds vary and it can kill mallard ducks, bobwhite quail, and pink shrimp. It also affects the human immune system and carcinogenic. Human exposure of chlordane occurs through air and exposure to these compounds can cause cancers and many other diseases. These are resistant to degradation in the environment and accumulate in lipids of human and animals. Chlordane is highly tenacious in the surroundings because it does not disintegrate easily. Because of its hydrophobic properties, it sticks to soil particles and moves in groundwater gradually. It is highly toxic, bioaccumulates in marine bodies and animals, and requires many years to degrade. | Thakur and Pathania. 2020. Environmental fate of organic pollutants and effect on human health. | Link |
| Chlordane, or chlordan, is an organochlorine compound used as a pesticide. It is a white solid. In the United States, chlordane was used for termite-treatment of approximately 30 million homes until it was banned in 1988. Chlordane was banned 10 years earlier for food crops like corn and citrus, and on lawns and domestic gardens. Like other chlorinated cyclodiene insecticides, chlordane is classified as an organic pollutant hazardous for human health. It is resistant to degradation in the environment and in humans/animals and readily accumulates in lipids (fats) of humans and animals. Exposure to the compound has been linked to cancers, diabetes, and neurological disorders. | Wikipedia. Accessed on 13 October 2020 | Link |