| Compound Name |
Endrin |
| Stockholm Annex code | I, IV |
| Key |
Annex I to the regulation are subject to prohibition (with specific exemptions) on manufacturing, placing on the market and use; Annex II to the regulation are subject to restriction on manufacturing, placing on the market and use; Annex III to the regulation are subject to release reduction provisions; and Annex IV to the regulation are subject to waste management provisions. Note that for some substances listed in Annex I, specific exemptions on the prohibition of their use, manufacturing and placing on the market may apply. |
| Classification |
Intentional |
| Category |
Listed under Annex A |
| Year of Listing Decision |
2001 |
| Persistence |
Can last up to 14 years or more in the soil |
| Specific exemptions associated with its use |
Production: None |
| Acceptable purposes associated with its use |
It was used as an insecticide, rodenticide and piscicide. |
| Conventions on POPs |
Stockholm Convention Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Rotterdam Convention Basel Convention |
| Name |
Endrin |
| Synonyms |
Endricol CAS 72-20-8 Mendrin rel-(1aR,2R,2aR,3R,6S,6aS,7S,7aS)-3,4,5,6,9,9-Hexachloro-1a,2,2a,3,6,6a,7,7a-octahydro-2,7:3,6-dimethanonaphtho[2,3-b]oxirene 1,4:5,8-Dimethanonaphthalene, 1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro-6,7-epoxy-1,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-, endo,endo- 1,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro-6,7-epoxy-1,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-endo-1,4-endo-5,8-dimethanonaphthalene Endrex 2,7:3,6-Dimethanonaphth[2,3-b]oxirene, 3,4,5,6,9,9-hexachloro-1a,2,2a,3,6,6a,7,7a-octahydro- Oktanex Hexadrin Hexachloroepoxyoctahydro-endo,endo-dimethanonapthalene Nendrin |
| Structure | C5(C(=C(C3(C5(Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl.png)
Molecular Formula:
C12H8Cl6O
|
| CAS Number | 72-20-8 |
| European Community (EC) Number | 200-775-7 |
| European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) | 200-775-7 |
| PubChem ID | 12358480 |
| DSSTOX Substance ID | DTXSID6020561 |
| KEGG | C18124 |
| ChemSpider |
32815895 |
| Description | Reference | Article Link |
|---|---|---|
| Endrin was first used in 1951. Its applications were similar to those of aldrin and dieldrin, but endrin was not used for termite-proofing. Endrin turned out to be particularly effective against pests on cotton and in the tropics. Endrin is much more toxic to non-target species than aldrin and dieldrin and, consequently, its uses in the United States, where endrin was used almost entirely in the southeast, were voluntarily canceled in 1986. It seems that endrin is no longer produced anywhere in the world. However, a Material Safety Data Sheet ‘Endrin-methyl parathion 1.6–1.6 emulsive cotton spray insecticide’, revised on September 16, 1999 is in the ChemWeb.com database. | Zitko. 2002. Chlorinated Pesticides: Aldrin, DDT, Endrin, Dieldrin, Mirex. | Link |
| Endrin is an organochloride with the chemical formula C12H8Cl6O that was first produced in 1950 by Shell and Velsicol Chemical Corporation. It was primarily used as an insecticide, as well as a rodenticide and piscicide. It is a colourless, odorless solid, although commercial samples are often off-white. Endrin was manufactured as an emulsifiable solution known commercially as Endrex. The compound became infamous as a persistent organic pollutant and for this reason it is banned in many countries. In the environment endrin exists as either endrin aldehyde or endrin ketone and can be found mainly in bottom sediments of bodies of water. | Wikipedia. Accessed 13 October 2020 | Link |
| This insecticide is sprayed on the leaves of crops such as cotton and grains. It is also used to control rodents such as mice and voles. Animals can metabolize endrin, so it does not accumulate in their fatty tissue to the extent as other chemicals do. It has a long half-life, however, persisting in the soil for up to 12 years. | Thakur and Pathania. 2020. Environmental fate of organic pollutants and effect on human health. | Link |
| Endrin (CAS 72-20-8) is a synthetic organochlorine insecticide, rodenticide, and avicide, that was used primarily on cotton, rice, sugar cane, maize, as well as other crops. It is lipophilic and persistent in soils, with a half-life of up to 12 years. Although bioconcentration factors can range from 14 to 49 000, biomagnification is not significant. | Honeycutt and Jones. 2014. Endrin | Link |