| Compound Name |
Heptachlor |
| Stockholm Annex code | I, IV |
| Key |
Annex I to the regulation are subject to prohibition (with specific exemptions) on manufacturing, placing on the market and use; Annex II to the regulation are subject to restriction on manufacturing, placing on the market and use; Annex III to the regulation are subject to release reduction provisions; and Annex IV to the regulation are subject to waste management provisions. Note that for some substances listed in Annex I, specific exemptions on the prohibition of their use, manufacturing and placing on the market may apply. |
| Classification |
Intentional |
| Category |
Listed under Annex A |
| Year of Listing Decision |
2001 |
| Persistence |
In soil the half life of Heptachlor is 2 years. |
| Specific exemptions associated with its use |
N/A |
| Acceptable purposes associated with its use |
Used as an insecticide to protect grain crops from insects In recent times it has been used for fire ant control in power transformers It was also used as a termicide for termite control |
| Conventions on POPs |
Stockholm Convention Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Rotterdam Convention Basel Convention |
| Name |
Heptachlor |
| Synonyms |
Heptachlorane 1,4,5,6,7,8,8-Heptachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-4,7-methanoindene 3-Chlorochlordene 4,7-Methano-1H-indene, 1,4,5,6,7,8,8-heptachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro- Heptamul CAS 76-44-8 1,4,5,6,7,10,10-Heptachloro-4,7,8,9-tetrahydro-4,7-methyleneindene Heptachlor [1,4,5,6,7,8,8-Heptachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methano-1H-indene] 1,4,5,6,7,8,8-Heptachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methano-1H-indene 3,4,5,6,8,8a-Heptachlorodicyclopentadiene Rhodiachlor |
| Structure | Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl.png)
Molecular Formula:
C10H5Cl7
|
| CAS Number | 76-44-8 |
| European Community (EC) Number | 200-962-3 |
| European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) | 200-962-3 |
| PubChem ID | 3589 |
| DSSTOX Substance ID | DTXSID3020679 |
| KEGG | C14185 |
| ChemSpider |
3463 |
| Similarity threshold | Name of Related Compound | DSSTox Substance ID | CAS Number | Molecular weight | Molecular formula |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | 1,2,3,4,7,7-Hexachlorobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene | DTXSID50944642 | 22039-38-9 | 300 g/mol | C7H4Cl6 |
| 1.0 | 1,2,3,4,5,7,7-Heptachlorobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene | DTXSID10947270 | 2440-02-0 | 335 g/mol | C7H3Cl7 |
| 1.0 | Chlordene | DTXSID2027545 | 3734-48-3 | 338 g/mol | C10H6Cl6 |
| 1.0 | 4,5,6,7,8,8-Hexachloro-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-4,7-methanoindene | DTXSID70971011 | 5566-33-6 | 340 g/mol | C10H8Cl6 |
| 1.0 | Aldrin | DTXSID8020040 | 309-00-2 | 364 g/mol | C12H8Cl6 |
| 1.0 | Isodrin | DTXSID7042065 | 465-73-6 | 364 g/mol | C12H8Cl6 |
| 1.0 | Aldrin parent | DTXSID3048104 | 124-96-9 | 364 g/mol | C12H8Cl6 |
| 1.0 | 1,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro-1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydro-1,4:5,8-dimethanonaphthalene | DTXSID10947432 | 24562-14-9 | 364 g/mol | C12H8Cl6 |
| 1.0 | 2,4,5,6,7,8,8-Heptachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-4,7-methanoindene | DTXSID10947730 | 24816-27-1 | 373 g/mol | C10H5Cl7 |
| 1.0 | 3a,4,5,6,7,8,8-Heptachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-4,7-methanoindene | DTXSID60975740 | 6033-56-3 | 373 g/mol | C10H5Cl7 |
| N/A | Full List of similar compounds | N/A | N/A | N/A g/mol | N/A |
| Description | Reference | Article Link |
|---|---|---|
| Heptachlor is an organochlorine cyclodiene insecticide, first isolated from technical chlordane in 1946. During the 1960s and 1970s, it was used primarily by farmers to kill termites, ants, and soil insects in seed grains and on crops, as well as by exterminators and home owners to kill termites. An important metabolite of heptachlor is heptachlor epoxide, which is an oxidation product formed from heptachlor by many plant and animal species. Not currently registered in the U.S. The only commercial use still permitted is for fire ant control in power transformers. Heptachlor had been found in at least 206 of the 1662 current or former EPA National Priorities List (NPL) sites. Heptachlor epoxide has been found in at least 195 NPL sites. Banned for use in EU countries. In the U.S., registration of heptachlor-containing pesticides was canceled in 1988 with the exception of its use for fire ant control in power transformers. | Pohanish. 2015. H | Link |
| Heptachlor is an organochlorine compound used as an insecticide. It has a highly stable structure so that it can persist in the environment for decades. It is carcinogenic, noncombustible, white waxy solid, and insoluble in water. It is used to kill soil insects, termites, cotton insects, grasshoppers, and malaria-carrying mosquitoes. It is highly toxic to animals and humans and causes illness by inhalation, skin absorption, and ingestion. Drinking water and food are major sources through which heptachlor is exposed to humans. Long-term inhalation and oral exposure by humans may impart neurological effects including irritability, dizziness, salivation, and effects on the blood, while acute inhalation exposure to heptachlor affects the nervous system and gastrointestinal problems. | Thakur and Pathania. 2020. Environmental fate of organic pollutants and effect on human health. | Link |
| Commercial production of heptachlor as a nonsystemic contact insecticide started in the mid-1940s. It was also a major constituent (approximately 10%) of technical chlordane. Heptachlor was used for agricultural purposes, seed treatment, wood protection, and insect control. It has been banned for use in the EU since 1984 and in most other countries worldwide because of the persistency in the environment of the two breakdown products heptachlor epoxide and photoheptachlor. Heptachlor and its breakdown products are lipophilic and particularly heptachlor epoxide and photoheptachlor tend to accumulate in the food chain. Heptachlor shows moderate acute toxicity, whereas heptachlor epoxide and photoheptachlor are more toxic than heptachlor. The main target organs in mammals are the nervous system and the liver, in addition to the reproductive and immune system being affected. Heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide cause liver tumors in mice, but are not genotoxic. Heptachlor is classified by the IARC as possibly carcinogenic to humans (group 2B). Heptachlor is moderately to highly toxic to fish exposed via water, but data from dietary exposure are limited. | Berntssen et al., 2012. Contamination of finfish with persistent organic pollutants and metals | Link |
| Heptachlor is an organochlorine compound that was used as an insecticide. Usually sold as a white or tan powder, heptachlor is one of the cyclodiene insecticides. In 1962, Rachel Carson's Silent Spring questioned the safety of heptachlor and other chlorinated insecticides. Due to its highly stable structure, heptachlor can persist in the environment for decades. In the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency has limited the sale of heptachlor products to the specific application of fire ant control in underground transformers. The amount that can be present in different foods is regulated. | Wikipedia - Heptachlor. Accessed 13 October 2020. | Link |